Dutch Legislation

Title III

in force

Debt rescheduling scheme for natural persons (schuldsaneringsregeling natuurlijke personen)

Bankruptcy Act (Faillissementswet) (Faillissementswet) · Articles: 116

Section 1

The pronouncement of the application of the debt rescheduling scheme

284 Article 284

A natural person may, if it is reasonably foreseeable that he will not be able to continue to pay his debts or if he is in the state of having ceased…

285 Article 285

In the petition or in an annex to be attached thereto shall be included:

286 Article 286

The petition with accompanying documents, referred to in Article 285, paragraph 1, shall be deposited at the registry of the court and shall be…

287 Article 287

The court shall rule on the petition with the utmost urgency. The decision shall be given by judgment. Article 6, paragraph 1, third sentence, and…

287a Article 287a

The debtor may, in the petition referred to in Article 284, paragraph 1, request the court to order one or more creditors who refuses or refuse to…

287b Article 287b

Prior to the hearing of the petition (application) referred to in Article 287a, paragraph 1, the debtor or the mayor and aldermen, respectively, if a…

288 Article 288

The petition (application) referred to in Article 284, paragraph 1, shall only be granted if it is sufficiently plausible:

289 Article 289

The judgment by which the application of the debt restructuring scheme is pronounced may also contain the determination of the day, time and place at…

290 Article 290

The judge who pronounces the application of the debt restructuring scheme (schuldsaneringsregeling) may in this judgment also make provisions which…

291 Article 291

The court may, in the judgment granting the application of the debt restructuring scheme, appoint one or more experts in order to, within a period to…

292 Article 292

Against the judgment granting the petition (application) for an order to consent to a debt settlement, referred to in Article 287a, paragraph 1, the…

293 Article 293

The registrar of the court shall without delay publish a notice in the Government Gazette (Staatscourant) of the judgment for the application of the…

294 Article 294

At each court, a public register is kept by the registrar, in which he, separately for each debt restructuring scheme declared applicable…

294a Article 294a

By Our Minister of Justice or, if another body has been designated pursuant to Article 294, paragraph 4, by that body, a central register shall be…

294b Article 294b

For every debt restructuring scheme declared applicable, the registrar transmits an extract of the petition with annexes pursuant to Article 285 to…

Section 2

Homologation of a private composition

295 Article 295

The estate comprises the property of the debtor at the time of the judgment for the application of the debt restructuring scheme…

295a Article 295a repealed
296 Article 296

By the judgment for the application of the debt restructuring scheme, the debtor loses by operation of law:

297 Article 297

Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 296, the debtor is independently authorised to perform juridical acts.

298 Article 298 repealed
299 Article 299

The debt restructuring scheme operates in respect of:

299a Article 299a

The debt restructuring scheme does not operate in respect of claims arising from student debts to which Chapter 6 or Chapter 10a of the Student…

299b Article 299b

The creditor who has a right of retention on a thing belonging to the debtor does not lose this right by the declaration of applicability of the debt…

300 Article 300

The debt restructuring scheme does not operate to the benefit of sureties and other co-debtors.

301 Article 301

A claim by the collector as referred to in Article 19 of the Collection Act 1990 (Stb. 221) is not permitted.

302 Article 302

If the debtor is in civil imprisonment (gijzeling), he is released therefrom by operation of law by the judgment applying the debt restructuring…

303 Article 303

With effect from the day of the judgment for the application of the debt restructuring scheme (schuldsaneringsregeling), the debtor owes neither…

304 Article 304

A counterparty is not entitled to suspend the performance of his obligation arising from an agreement for the regular delivery of gas, water…

305 Article 305

If the debtor is a lessee, the administrator, or the debtor with his authorization, may terminate the lease prematurely, provided that the notice of…

306 Article 306

A payment made out of assets of the debtor not belonging to the estate, on claims in respect of which the debt restructuring scheme applies, is void.

307 Article 307

A person who is both debtor and creditor of the person in respect of whom the debt restructuring scheme has been pronounced, may only set off his…

308 Article 308

A payment made by the debtor otherwise than at the expense of the estate is not imputed to a claim in respect of which the debt restructuring scheme…

309 Article 309 repealed
309a Article 309a

Excluded from the assets referred to in Article 309, paragraph 1, are the assets that have been pledged pursuant to a financial collateral…

310 Article 310

The supervisory judge may, upon the petition of the administrator, of the debtor, or of his own motion, determine by written order that payment on…

311 Article 311

The supervisory judge may, upon the petition of the administrator or the debtor, or ex officio, determine by written order that the debtor is…

312 Article 312

During the application of the debt restructuring scheme (schuldsaneringsregeling), the debtor may be declared bankrupt in respect of claims to which…

313 Article 313

Articles 24 to 31 inclusive, 34 to 38a inclusive, 40 to 52 inclusive, 54 to 56 inclusive and 60a to 63a inclusive apply mutatis mutandis.

369 Article 369

The provisions of this section do not apply to a natural person who does not exercise an independent profession or business, nor to a bank as…

370 Article 370

If a debtor is in a state in which it is reasonably likely that he will not be able to continue paying his debts, he may offer his creditors and his…

371 Article 371

Any creditor, shareholder or the works council or employee representation body established pursuant to statutory provisions at the enterprise…

372 Article 372

An agreement as referred to in Article 370, paragraph 1, may also provide for the modification of the rights of creditors against legal entities…

373 Article 373

If the debtor is in a state as referred to in Article 370, paragraph 1, the debtor or the restructuring expert, if one has been appointed, may make a…

374 Article 374

Creditors and shareholders are placed in different classes if the rights they have upon a liquidation of the assets of the debtor in bankruptcy or…

375 Article 375

The agreement contains all information that the creditors and shareholders entitled to vote require in order to be able to form an informed opinion…

376 Article 376

If the debtor has deposited a declaration at the registry of the court as referred to in Article 370, paragraph 3, and has offered an agreement as…

377 Article 377

If the debtor, prior to the declaration of the cooling-off period referred to in Article 376, had the power to use, consume or alienate goods, or to…

378 Article 378

Before the agreement is put to a vote in accordance with Article 381, paragraph 1, the debtor or the restructuring expert referred to in Article 371…

379 Article 379

If the debtor has deposited a declaration at the registry of the court as referred to in Article 370, paragraph 3, or if a restructuring expert has…

380 Article 380

If the agreement is prepared by the debtor in accordance with Article 370, a measure as referred to in Article 379 may be the appointment of an…

381 Article 381

The debtor or the restructuring expert referred to in Article 371, if one has been appointed, shall, for a reasonable period which shall in any event…

382 Article 382

The debtor or the restructuring expert, referred to in Article 371, paragraph 1, if one has been appointed, shall draw up a report as soon as…

383 Article 383

If at least one class of creditors has consented to the agreement (akkoord), the debtor or the restructuring expert (herstructureringsdeskundige)…

384 Article 384

If the court has jurisdiction to hear the petition for the homologation of the agreement, it shall render its reasoned judgment as soon as possible…

385 Article 385

The homologated agreement is binding upon the debtor and upon all creditors and shareholders entitled to vote. If not the creditor or shareholder…

386 Article 386

The judgment of homologation constitutes, for the benefit of the creditors entitled to vote with claims not disputed by the debtor, an enforceable…

387 Article 387

The debtor is in default in the event of any failure in the performance of the agreement and is obliged to compensate the damage which the voting…

Section 3

The administration of the estate

314 Article 314

The supervisory judge supervises the performance by the administrator of the tasks to be performed by him pursuant to this title.

315 Article 315

An appeal to the court against all orders of the supervisory judge is open for five days. The court shall decide after the hearing or proper…

316 Article 316

The administrator is charged with:

317 Article 317

Each of the creditors of claims to which the debt restructuring scheme (schuldsaneringsregeling) applies and the debtor may, by submitting a…

318 Article 318

The administrator shall issue, within two months after the judgment for the application of the debt restructuring scheme and no later than ten days…

319 Article 319

The court has the power to dismiss the administrator, after having heard or duly summoned him, and to replace him with another, either on the…

320 Article 320

The court determines the salary of the administrator in the judgment referred to in Article 354, paragraph 1.

321 Article 321

Articles 85 and 86 apply mutatis mutandis.

Section 4

The provisions following the judgment for the application of the debt restructuring scheme and the duties of the insolvency practitioner (bewindvoerder)

322 Article 322

The administrator shall without delay give written notice to all known creditors of the days, hour and place referred to in Article 289. If the…

323 Article 323

The administrator shall, immediately after his appointment, provide for the safekeeping of the estate by all necessary and appropriate means. Unless…

324 Article 324

Article 94, paragraphs 1 and 2, applies mutatis mutandis.

325 Article 325

A copy of the inventory of the estate and, if Article 324, paragraph 3 has been applied, of the statement referred to in that paragraph, shall be…

326 Article 326 repealed
327 Article 327

Articles 99 and 102 up to and including 105b and 107 apply mutatis mutandis.

Section 5

Verification of claims

328 Article 328

Articles 110 up to and including 116, 119 up to and including 127 (in which latter article, instead of 108, shall be read: 289, paragraph 3) and 129…

328a Article 328a

The supervisory judge may request the administrator to notify him within eight days after the date of the petition (application) whether he wishes to…

328b Article 328b

Claims submitted to the administrator after the expiry of the time limit referred to in Article 289, paragraph 3, but no later than two days before…

328c Article 328c

To creditors who, as a result of their failure to present themselves, are verified only after a distribution has already taken place, an amount shall…

Section 6

The agreement

329 Article 329

The debtor is authorised, with respect to claims to which the debt restructuring scheme applies, to offer a composition to the creditors of those…

330 Article 330

The draft agreement lapses:

331 Article 331 repealed
332 Article 332

The debtor is entitled to appear at the meeting to explain and defend the agreement and to amend it during the deliberation.

333 Article 333 repealed
333a Article 333a

The provisions of this section apply mutatis mutandis in the event that an agreement is offered pursuant to Article 47, paragraph 1, of the…

334 Article 334 repealed
335 Article 335

If a composition has been accepted or established, the supervisory judge shall, prior to the closing of the verification meeting, determine the day…

336 Article 336 repealed
337 Article 337

At the public hearing, fixed pursuant to Article 335, paragraph 1, a report is presented by the delegated judge.

338 Article 338

On the day of the hearing referred to in Article 337, or otherwise no later than on the eighth day thereafter, the court gives its decision.

339 Article 339

With regard to the judgment refusing or granting homologation, Articles 154, 155, paragraph 1, and 156 apply mutatis mutandis, provided that the…

340 Article 340

The application of the debt restructuring scheme (schuldsaneringsregeling) ends by operation of law as soon as the homologation has become final. The…

341 Article 341 repealed
342 Article 342 repealed
343 Article 343 repealed
344 Article 344 repealed
345 Article 345 repealed
346 Article 346 repealed

Section 7

The liquidation of the estate

347 Article 347

As soon as the application of the debt restructuring scheme has been pronounced, the estate is by operation of law in a state of insolvency and the…

348 Article 348

The supervisory judge may, at the request of the debtor, the administrator or a creditor, as well as of his own motion, convene a meeting of…

349 Article 349

Whenever sufficient ready funds are available, the administrator shall proceed to make a distribution to the verified creditors.

349aa Article 349aa

The creditor whose claim has not been verified or has been verified for too low an amount, even if this was in accordance with his statement, may…

Section 8

Term and termination of the application of the debt rescheduling scheme

349a Article 349a

The term of the debt restructuring scheme is one and a half years, calculated from the day of the judgment for the application of the debt…

350 Article 350

The court may terminate the application of the debt restructuring scheme upon the recommendation of the supervisory judge or upon the petition…

351 Article 351

Against the judgment referred to in Article 350, in the event of termination of the application of the debt restructuring scheme, the debtor, or, in…

351a Article 351a

No later than three months before the period arising from Article 349a expires, the administrator shall submit a report to the supervisory judge on…

352 Article 352

If the application of the debt restructuring scheme has not already been terminated, the court shall determine, upon the recommendation of the…

353 Article 353

For the hearing, determined pursuant to Article 352, the administrator and the debtor may be summoned in writing. The debtor and administrator shall…

354 Article 354

On the day of the hearing, or otherwise no later than on the eighth day thereafter, the court shall rule by judgment whether the debtor has failed in…

354a Article 354a

If no day for the verification meeting has yet been set and at least one year has elapsed since the judgment on the application of the debt…

355 Article 355

The creditors and the debtor may lodge an appeal against the judgment referred to in Article 354 and in Article 354a within eight days after the day…

356 Article 356

The administrator shall, as soon as the judgment referred to in Article 354 has become final, proceed without delay to draw up a final distribution…

357 Article 357 repealed
358 Article 358

As a result of the termination of the application of the debt restructuring scheme (schuldsaneringsregeling) pursuant to Article 356, paragraph 2, a…

Section 9

Special provisions

358a Article 358a

If, after the termination of the application of the debt restructuring scheme as a result of which the legal consequence referred to in Article 358…

359 Article 359

If the declaration of bankruptcy of the debtor is pronounced during the application of the debt restructuring scheme or if the debtor enters a state…

359a Article 359a

Articles 203 to 205 inclusive apply mutatis mutandis.

Section 10

General final provision

360 Article 360

Against the decisions of the judge, given pursuant to the provisions of this title, no higher legal remedy is available, except in the cases in which…

361 Article 361

The petitions to be made pursuant to Articles 292, paragraphs 1 and 3, 315, paragraph 1, 348, 349a, paragraph 2, 350, paragraph 1, 351, paragraph 1…

362 Article 362

The General Time Limits Act does not apply to the time limits set in Articles 39, 40, 238, 239 and 305.